The installimage script provided by Hetzner offers an easy and fast method of installing various Linux distributions.
Installimage/en
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installimage Script
Installimage can be run directly from the Rescue System on your server. It offers a menu driven interface where you can select a Linux distribution of your choice. You have full control over the partitioning of your drive(s) and can activate the use of sofware RAID as well as LVM using a simple editor.
Running installimage
To use installimage you first need to activate and then boot into the Rescue System.
Once logged into the Rescue System as 'root' using the password displayed in the Robot, type 'installimage' to start the installimage script:
The following menu will be shown:
After choosing an image, you will receive a note that the editor will be started, which opens the configuration file.
Midnight Commander ('mcedit') is used as editor.
OS Choices
We offer a number of standard images that you can use. These are typically the latest version of the particular distribution.
Advanced users can also install older versions of these distributions, by going to the 'old_images' folder. Please note that we don't offer any support for these older images.
In addition, advanced users can also create their own OS images and install them. Please check the guide on how to install your own OS images for information on how this is possible and for a list of the requirements.
autosetup
If installimage finds an /autosetup file in the Rescue System, it will automatically use this as the configuration file. No menu and no editor are displayed unless there are errors in the file.
Variables
The following variables can be adjusted to customize the installation.
Drives
The drives that are present in the server are identified in the first row with the variable DRIVE. Above each line you can see the type of drive.
Here you can select on which drives you want the OS to be installed. The drives will be completely wiped, and all data currently on them will be lost.
If you want to leave a drive in its current state and not make any changes to it you can leave it out (remove it) by placing a '#' before it. Please note that doing so means that the number after the next DRIVE variable must be properly adjusted.
Example:
SWRAID
When the server has multiple drives the variables 'SWRAID' and 'SWRAIDLEVEL' can be used to create different software RAID levels. Any software RAID levels are always applied to all (marked with DRIVE, as discussed above) drives. If you don't want a software RAID on a particular drive, you'll need to remove it accordingly.
The script can create software RAID with levels 0, 1, 5, 6 or 10.
Bootloader
The bootloader Grub is pre-configured (in the past we also offered Lilo). Depending on the operating system GRUB2 or GRUB1 (legacy Grub) is installed.
Hostname
The variable 'HOSTNAME' sets the corresponding host name in the system.
Partitions / File systems
The installimage also supports the adjustment of the partitioning scheme (including the use of LVM). The designated syntax can be found in the examples in the editor.
Operating System Image
This is the full path to the operating system image, and only needs to be specified if a custom image is being installed.
Installation
After leaving the editor with F10 (save and quit), the syntax of the config file is checked. Should it contain errors, you will be returned to the editor.
If you see this output after 1-5 minutes (depends on the image and partitioning used), the system is ready and bootable.
The root password is set to the current password of the Rescue System.
After a 'reboot' in the Rescue System
the newly installed system is booted and you can login with the previous Rescue System password.
Particularities
When installing Debian or Ubuntu using the installimage script, the times for the cronjob in /etc/cron.d/mdadm are set randomly.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why can't I create partitions larger than 2 TiB?
The creation of partitions larger than 2TiB is only possible with a GUID Partition table (GPT). Thus only operating systems which include GRUB2 that supports booting from GPT drives can be installed
The installation script shows one or more errors. What should I do?
Re-run the installation. Should you get the same error again, please send the complete screen output and the contents of the file /root/debug.txt to [email protected].
Do I have to put 'all' at the end of the partition table or can I put this line further at the top?
The size 'all' in the config file means use the rest of the available space on the drive. Since partitions are created one after another, the partition table will end after using 'all' because there will be no space available afterwards. Of course, it is also possible not to use 'all' at all.
Pressing F10 does not work. Instead '~21' (or something similar) is displayed.
Press Escape and then '0'. In most cases this has the same effect as F10.
Who is the author of the script? Can I use it freely?
The scripts were written by developers of Hetzner Online GmbH and are maintained and extended by them. The scripts are written in bash and are available in the rescue system. They can be used and modified freely. Hetzner Online GmbH assumes no liability for any damage caused by changing the scripts and excludes any support for guides that include changes to the script.
What is the MySQL Root password when LAMP has been installed?
The MySQL Root password on a LAMP Image can be found in the /password.txt file.
Werkzeuge
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I have a remote dedicated server from Hetzner which you can usually only install Linux on, because I haven't paid the ridiculous 25 euros/month for Windows. However, they have KVM access and you can mount a .iso file, but it's buggy and not straightforward. The only part of the KVM which does not work properly is the ISO mounting and drive redirection. The keyboard and mouse works okay, so if I can get the server to boot into the Windows installer, it's easy to complete the process. I've asked support about the mounting problem and they said they 'don't support the .iso mounting function of the KVM', and I'm on my own. So my only option is to install Linux, boot it up, then install Windows from right within Linux.
I do not want to dual-boot; I want to replace the Linux OS with Windows Server 2012 R2. I want to get rid of GRUB and all signs of a Linux filesystem. I do not care about preserving my old partitions or data. Is it possible to do this kind of installation?
closed as off-topic by Rob Moir, TomTom, Ward♦, HopelessN00b, HBruijnSep 3 '14 at 14:28
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
- 'Questions must be relevant to professional system administration. Server Fault is dedicated to professional system and network administrators. End user and enthusiast questions are off-topic (contact your system administrator or hire a professional to help you out). Please see the Help Center for more information.' – Rob Moir, TomTom, Ward, HBruijn
1 Answer
I'm sure that extra cost includes the price of the Windows license. If you purchased a Windows license elsewhere, and it is valid for this server, you are of course allowed to install it. But don't expect Hetzner to offer any Windows-specific support, since I guess part of that extra cost is to cover for those extra hours of support needed for servers running Windows.
What you can do is to netboot the server with the Linux rescue system. Using that rescue system you can transfer a disk image to the harddisk on the server. Linux doesn't care what is inside that disk image. So it doesn't matter if what you transfer is a Linux install or a Windows install.
You of course need to prepare the image you want to install. But the point is that you do that locally rather than on the server itself.